Advertisement If any one thing symbolizes the fieriness and passion of Spanish culture, it is its traditional music and dance, although there is no one form. Both are as varied as ...Spain: Un billón: 1.000.000.000.000 Anglo-Saxons: One billion: 1,000,000,000 Also opposite to the Anglo-Saxon system is the fact that in Spain the “.” symbol is used to separate thousands and “,” to indicate decimals. 3.537,52 € is equal to three thousand five hundred thirty-seven euros and fifty-two cents. SPANISH NUMBERS 1-100Spanish Numbers 1 – 100. When it comes to counting all of the Spanish numbers, the most difficult part is definitely the first thirty. Afterward, they start to get considerably easier. The easiest way to learn …5 of 7 | Spanish police, right, block farmers during a protest in Madrid, Spain, Wednesday, Jan. 21, 2024. Hundreds of farmers drove their tractors into central Madrid …The Numeric Core: “Five” in Spanish. In Spanish, the word for “five” is “cinco.”. This seemingly simple translation carries profound significance, standing as a numerical pillar in counting and quantifying. Yet, beneath the surface lies a wealth of cultural connotations and linguistic connections that shape the way “cinco” is ...Get ratings and reviews for the top 10 gutter companies in Spanish Lake, MO. Helping you find the best gutter companies for the job. Expert Advice On Improving Your Home All Projec...Feb 15, 2024 · One of the biggest differences between written numbers in Spanish and written numbers in English is the use of decimal points and commas. When you write numbers in Spanish, separate thousands with a decimal point – not with a comma as you would in English. For example, you would write "126,342" as "126.342" in Spanish. Nueva Versión Internacional. 1 Estas son las palabras de Jeremías, hijo de Jilquías. Jeremías provenía de una familia sacerdotal de Anatot, ciudad del territorio de Benjamín. 2 La palabra del Señor vino a Jeremías en el año trece del reinado de Josías, hijo de Amón y rey de Judá. 3 También vino a él durante el reinado de Joacim ... 1 Juan 1:5 Spanish: Reina Valera 1909 Y este es el mensaje que oímos de él, y os anunciamos: Que Dios es luz, y en él no hay ningunas tinieblas. 1 Juan 1:5 Spanish: Sagradas Escrituras 1569 Y esta es la Promesa que oímos de él, y os la anunciamos: Que Dios es luz, y en él no hay tinieblas. 1 João 1:5 Bíblia King James Atualizada PortuguêsSpain have conceded 5+ goals in an international for the first time since losing 6-2 to Scotland in June 1963. Only once before had Spain conceded 5+ goals in a World Cup game (1-6 v Brazil in ...Here is the complete list of numbers from 1 to 100, translated into Spanish, in their "canonical" form (singular masculine noun). Click on any number to see more details and examples. 1-30 1-100 1-1000 Translator Find here the entire list of Spanish Numbers from 1 to 100, with translations and more details. Feb 8, 2020 · Learn how to say “5” and other useful Spanish words with Rosetta Stone award-winning products. If you want to say the word for “5” in Spanish, you would say, “cinco.”. It’s part of the 1-10 sequence you may already know: uno, dos, tres, cuatro, cinco, seis, siete, ocho, nueve, diez. Learning Spanish numbers is fairly easy. Giving a telephone number in Spanish: Mi número de teléfono es dos - siete - ocho - nueve - cero - uno - tres - cinco. (My phone number is 2789-0135) When you are …Textbook alignments. Use IXL in conjunction with your classroom textbooks! For the textbook series below, IXL provides skill alignments with recommended IXL skills for each chapter. Learn foundational Spanish vocabulary and grammar for free! Choose from key topics such as food, family, activities, culture, greetings, and more. Start now!The number 5 in Spanish is “cinco.” To count from 1 to 100, you will need to learn and combine different numbers in Spanish. The number 5 plays a significant role in …Son lascinco y cuarto. [5:15] y media = half past Son las once y media. [11:30] menoscuarto= quarter `til Son las dos menoscuarto[1:45] enpunto= on the dot Es la una en punto. [1:00] Más o menos = about Son lastresmás o menos. Es mediodia. = It's noon. Es medianoche. = It's midnight. The abbreviations AM and PM are rarely used in Spanish.What kinds of traditions are celebrated in Spain? Read about Spanish traditions at HowStuffWorks. Advertisement The crowd rose collectively to its feet. They roared with approval a...0- Cero 1 – Uno 2 – Dos 3 – Tres 4 – Cuatro 5 – Cinco 6 – Seis 7 – Siete 8 – Ocho 9 – Nueve 10 – Diez 11 – Once 12 – Doce 13 – Trece 14 – Catorce 15 – Quince After 15, you just say together: 10 (Diez), the phonetic sound you make when you say the letter “E” in English, the last digit of the number (which is a ...Jun 9, 2020 ... Watch extended highlights of Spain v Netherlands in the group stage at the 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil™. Subscribe for the latest original ...Most Spanish speakers do not use "AM" or "PM." To specify the period of the day you should add de la mañana (in the morning), de la tarde (in the afternoon), or de la noche (in the evening): Es la una de la mañana. It's 1:00 in the morning. / It's 1:00 AM. Son las tres de la tarde. It's 3:00 in the afternoon. / It's 3:00 PM. Son las nueve de ...Spain’s police is investigating an act of vandalism that caused an estimated loss of €2.5 million ($2.7 million) in spilled wine at a well-known cellar.Exercise in Spanish: Verbs. Two ways to conjugate “to exercise” exist in Spanish: hacer ejercicio – to do exercise; ejercitarse – to exercise PRO TIP: In order to conjugate a verb in future tense in Spanish you can also use the formula: ir a + verb (in infinitive).So you can say me ejercitaré or me voy a ejercitar.If you want to learn how to …15 Spanish airports, including Barcelona and Madrid, will offer passengers testing facilities in their departure lounges. Some airports in Spain are making it easier for departing ...The numbers 1 to 30 in Spanish. Find out how to say any number in Spanish up to 9999 Try our games: Crosswords, Bingo, Memory and Word Search.Participants (Units of Analysis): The units of analysis were Spanish textbooks used in the public schools in grades 1-5. ... 1-5 Spanish-language instruction ...Las ruedas traseras están tocando el borde de acera. 4. Cuando se incorpora a una autopista, debe manejar: *. A la misma velocidad o casi a la misma velocidad del tráfico en la autopista. 5 a 10 mph más lento que el tráfico de la autopista. El límite de velocidad indicado para el tráfico de la autopista. 5.Feb 15, 2024 · One of the biggest differences between written numbers in Spanish and written numbers in English is the use of decimal points and commas. When you write numbers in Spanish, separate thousands with a decimal point – not with a comma as you would in English. For example, you would write "126,342" as "126.342" in Spanish. Oct 27, 2022 ... The decimal number “1.5” can be translated as “uno punto cinco” in Spanish. This phrase literally means “one point five” and accurately ...The reason for their existence is “ .”. The most common tenses are present, past, and future, but in Spanish you have up to 15 more tenses to express yourself. These 18 Spanish tenses in total are divided into simple and compound tense. Simple tenses only have a main verb, while compound tenses include the auxiliary verb before the main ...Feb 15, 2024 · One of the biggest differences between written numbers in Spanish and written numbers in English is the use of decimal points and commas. When you write numbers in Spanish, separate thousands with a decimal point – not with a comma as you would in English. For example, you would write "126,342" as "126.342" in Spanish. Dec 5, 2016 ... How do you say this in Spanish (Spain)? 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5. See a translation · 0-Cero 0.5-Cero punto cinco 1-Uno 1.5-Uno ...Santiago 1:5Reina-Valera 1960. 5 Y si alguno de vosotros tiene falta de sabiduría, pídala a Dios, el cual da a todos abundantemente y sin reproche, y le será dada. Read full chapter.The numbers 1 to 25 in Spanish. Find out how to say any number in Spanish up to 9999 Try our games: Crosswords, Bingo, Memory and Word Search.Salmos 103:1-5 RVR1960 1 Bendice, alma mía, a Jehová, Y bendiga todo mi ser su santo nombre. 2 Bendice, alma mía, a Jehová, Y no olvides ninguno de sus beneficios. 3 El es quien perdona todas tus iniquidades, El que sana todas tus dolencias; 4 El que rescata del hoyo tu vida, El que te corona de favores y misericordias; 5 El que sacia de bien tu boca …Learn and practice counting to five in Spanish with fun animated characters and humor. This video is part of a complete program by Rock 'N Learn available in...Learn how to say numbers in Spanish, including both cardinal and ordinal numbers. 111 vocabulary terms with sound. 1. (name) a. Jaime. James is a very common name for boys.Jaime es un nombre muy común para niño. b. Santiago. My parents were going to name me James, but chose John instead. Mis padres me iban a llamar Santiago, pero escogieron Juan en vez. c. Diego.Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages.Search millions of Spanish-English example sentences from our dictionary, TV shows, and the internet. Translate 1:15 a m. See authoritative translations of 1:15 a m in Spanish with example sentences and audio pronunciations.Translate 1,5. See 2 authoritative translations of 1,5 in Spanish with example sentences and audio pronunciations. Millions of learners and teachers around the world turn to SpanishDictionary.com for our unparalleled Spanish language resources. The world's most popular Spanish translation website. Over 1 million words and phrases. Free. Easy.Formula for Writing the Date with Numerals in Spanish. DD/MM/YYYY. You may also come across Spanish numeral dates written YYYY/DD/MM. The important thing to remember is that the day always precedes the month in Spanish! Much like in English, you can omit the "0" when writing one-digit days or months. You can also omit the first two digits of ... Ordinal numbers are used to indicate the position of order of something. – Los números ordinales se utilizan para indicar la posición y el orden de algo.; A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 that is only divisible by 1 and itself.– Un número primo es un número natural mayor que 1 que solo es divisible por 1 o por sí mismo.; Math symbols in SpanishAug 29, 2018 ... https://www.jublie2.com/ https://www.facebook.com/jublie2 Learn to Count in Spanish from 1 to 100. Aprende a Contar en Espanol del 1 al 100.1. (name) a. Jaime. James is a very common name for boys.Jaime es un nombre muy común para niño. b. Santiago. My parents were going to name me James, but chose John instead. Mis padres me iban a llamar Santiago, pero escogieron Juan en vez. c. Diego.Q-Chat. Notes on telling time: "Es la" is only used for 1- 1:30 "Son las" is used for all other times There are special words for 15, 30, and 45 minutes after the hour When telling times after 30 you go to the next hour and subtract how minutes it will take to get to the next hour ex: 5:50 - Son las seis menos diez (It's 6 o'clock minus 10 ...Boost your survival Spanish with the common Spanish words and phrases below. If you want to go a step further and learn Spanish naturally, try 1-on-1 Spanish lessons with an online tutor. You’ll be speaking from lesson one, so even a crash course of five hours will make a huge difference! 50 Basic Spanish words and phrasesThe Holy Bible, Reina-Valera Antigua Spanish Version (RVA). First Published: In the year of our Lord (Anno Domini) AD 1569. Revised AD1602.Llamamiento y misión de Jeremías. 1 Las palabras de Jeremías hijo de Hilcías, de los sacerdotes que estuvieron en Anatot, en tierra de Benjamín. 2 Palabra de Jehová que le vino en los días de Josías hijo de Amón, rey de Judá, en el año decimotercero de su reinado. 3 Le vino también en días de Joacim hijo de Josías, rey de Judá ...Pacto de Jonatán y David. 18 Aconteció que cuando él hubo acabado de hablar con Saúl, el alma de Jonatán quedó ligada con la de David, y lo amó Jonatán como a sí mismo. 2 Y Saúl le tomó aquel día, y no le dejó volver a casa de su padre. 3 E hicieron pacto Jonatán y David, porque él le amaba como a sí mismo. 4 Y Jonatán se ...By Antoine Demaison and Marco Trujillo VALENCIA, Spain (Reuters) -Firefighters were searching on Friday for 14 people, including a couple, their toddler and two-week-old …Ordinal numbers are used to indicate the position of order of something. – Los números ordinales se utilizan para indicar la posición y el orden de algo.; A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 that is only divisible by 1 and itself.– Un número primo es un número natural mayor que 1 que solo es divisible por 1 o por sí mismo.; Math symbols in SpanishLearn and practice counting to five in Spanish with fun animated characters and humor. This video is part of a complete program by Rock 'N Learn available in...1.50 euros: uno con cincuenta, un euro cincuenta. There are mane ways to say it. You can say it the same way you say in english.Formally you would say: un euro con cincuenta centimos, but we don't use it daily. updated SEP 28, 2009. posted by cris86. 🚀 Remove ads. Please, I want to know how to say money. Not like, the word, but values.Search millions of Spanish-English example sentences from our dictionary, TV shows, and the internet. Translate 1:05 pm. See authoritative translations of 1:05 pm in Spanish with example sentences and audio pronunciations.Formula for Writing the Date with Numerals in Spanish. DD/MM/YYYY. You may also come across Spanish numeral dates written YYYY/DD/MM. The important thing to remember is that the day always precedes the month in Spanish! Much like in English, you can omit the "0" when writing one-digit days or months. You can also omit the first two digits of ... 29. twenty-nine. veintinueve. 30. thirty. treinta. 1-30 1-100 1-1000 Translator. Find here the entire list of Spanish Numbers from 1 to 30, with translations and more details. Spanish numbers 1-5. 5 terms. Cojoman10. Recommended textbook solutions. Vocabulary for Achievement: Fourth Course 4th Edition Margaret Ann Richek. 1,757 solutions. Dec 11, 2023 · Numeroso. Numerous. Precioso. Precious. Religioso. Religious. Tedioso. Tedious. The following near perfect cognates follow the rule for words ending ‘ct’ in English can be converted to Spanish by replacing with a ‘cto’. Translate 1 2 3 4 5. See Spanish-English translations with audio pronunciations, examples, and word-by-word explanations.Printable worksheets with number groups (1-10, 1-20, 1-30, 1-50,1-100) And while you learn more about numbers in Spanish, check out our free kids lesson about Shapes in Spanish! Spanish for a Better Future . Spanish numbers for kids is a key part of gaining fluency in this language.Jueves (hweh-behs): “Thursday”. Viernes (vyehr-nehs): “Friday”. Sábado (sah-bah-doh)*: “Saturday”. Domingo (doh-meen-goh): “Sunday”. *Take note of the accent marks ( tildes) over certain vowels in “miércoles” and “sábado.”. These indicate where the emphasis should be placed when pronouncing the word. Also, be aware ...The Numeric Core: “Five” in Spanish. In Spanish, the word for “five” is “cinco.”. This seemingly simple translation carries profound significance, standing as a numerical pillar in counting and quantifying. Yet, beneath the surface lies a wealth of cultural connotations and linguistic connections that shape the way “cinco” is ...Nov 16, 2018 · Learn to count in Spanish! Just like days of the week and greetings, Spanish numbers are essential if you are working on getting that basic Spanish vocabular... Search Spanish Bible verses, read Biblia espanol, Reina-Valera Bible free online.Printable worksheets with number groups (1-10, 1-20, 1-30, 1-50,1-100) And while you learn more about numbers in Spanish, check out our free kids lesson about Shapes in Spanish! Spanish for a Better Future . Spanish numbers for kids is a key part of gaining fluency in this language.Spanish numbers are essential to learn if you want to become fluent in the language. Read this guide to learn everything you need to know about numbers and counting in Spanish—numbers from 1 to 1 billion, …Jan 10, 2019 · As in English, fractions in Spanish are commonly expressed in percentages and decimals. The phrase for "percent" is por ciento and phrases using percentages are treated as masculine nouns: El 85 por ciento de los niños españoles se considera feliz. Eighty-five percent of Spanish children are considered happy. Q-Chat. Notes on telling time: "Es la" is only used for 1- 1:30 "Son las" is used for all other times There are special words for 15, 30, and 45 minutes after the hour When telling times after 30 you go to the next hour and subtract how minutes it will take to get to the next hour ex: 5:50 - Son las seis menos diez (It's 6 o'clock minus 10 ...Learn and practice counting to five in Spanish with fun animated characters and humor. This video is part of a complete program by Rock 'N Learn available in...Ordinal Numbers 1-10. The most commonly used in Spanish are numbers 1-10. As you will soon see, the numbers after 10 grow in complexity and length, which has undoubtedly persuaded Spanish speakers to use the cardinal numbers between 11 and a million much more frequently. Let’s start with a list of the numbers 1-10 in their ordinal …Mastering Spanish numerals can greatly enhance your communication skills. Get counting! Spanish numbers from 100 - 1,000. If you already know the Spanish numbers from 1 to 100, then counting to 1,000 will be a breeze. Counting beyond 100 is very easy, all you have to learn is the hundreds and then add a number you already know.Spanish ( español) or Castilian ( castellano) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the Iberian Peninsula of Europe. Today, it is a global language with about 500 million native speakers, mainly in the Americas and Spain, and about 600 million when including speakers as a second ...Spain’s police is investigating an act of vandalism that caused an estimated loss of €2.5 million ($2.7 million) in spilled wine at a well-known cellar.Dios llama a Abram. 12 Pero Jehová había dicho a Abram: Vete de tu tierra y de tu parentela, y de la casa de tu padre, a la tierra que te mostraré. 2 Y haré de ti una nación grande, y te bendeciré, y engrandeceré tu nombre, y serás bendición. 3 Bendeciré a los que te bendijeren, y a los que te maldijeren maldeciré; y serán benditas ...Dec 15, 2014 · December 15, 2014. WASHINGTON—The U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) has made the daily readings for Mass in Spanish available online. “Being able to provide the daily readings in Spanish online has been a long journey. We are happy to see this work turned into a reality,” said Bishop John C. Wester of Salt Lake City, chairman of ... adjective. 1.(number) a. ciento veinticinco. One hundred twenty-five people went to the concert.Ciento veinticinco personas fueron al concierto. A phrase is a group of words commonly used together (e.g once upon a time). phrase. Saying the Date. Download Article. 1. Use the formula "El numéro de mes." When someone asks you the date in Spanish, you'll always follow the same formula. Start with el (ELL), followed by the number that corresponds to the day. Then say de (DAY) followed by the name of the month.MapQuest is available in Spanish. Some other languages that are available on MapQuest in addition to English and Spanish include German, Italian, Portuguese and French. MapQuest is...Formula for Writing the Date with Numerals in Spanish. DD/MM/YYYY. You may also come across Spanish numeral dates written YYYY/DD/MM. The important thing to remember is that the day always precedes the month in Spanish! Much like in English, you can omit the "0" when writing one-digit days or months. You can also omit the first two digits of ... The retreat ends with a Closing Mass Sunday the 9th at 5:15pm. El retiro termina con una Misa de Clausura el Domingo 9 a las5:15pm. The coffee break is ready and there is a plenary session at 5:15pm, in 10 minutes. Ya está listo el coffee break y hay una Plenaria a las 5:15, en diez minutos. For the rest of the community, we invite you to ...Exercise in Spanish: Verbs. Two ways to conjugate “to exercise” exist in Spanish: hacer ejercicio – to do exercise; ejercitarse – to exercise PRO TIP: In order to conjugate a verb in future tense in Spanish you can also use the formula: ir a + verb (in infinitive).So you can say me ejercitaré or me voy a ejercitar.If you want to learn how to …3. Don't capitalize the name of the month. In Spanish, unlike in English and some other languages, there is no need to capitalize the month name. When you're writing the date, make sure the month is all lower-case. For example, you would want to write "3 de octubre de 2017" and not "3 de Octubre de 2017." 4.Son las cinco y media. It is 5:30. (use media for half past the hour rather than medio). There is a formal way and an informal way of telling time in ...Juan 1:5 Spanish: Reina Valera 1909 Y la luz en las tinieblas resplandece; mas las tinieblas no la comprendieron. Juan 1:5 Spanish: Sagradas Escrituras 1569 Y la luz en las tinieblas resplandece; mas las tinieblas no la comprendieron. João 1:5 Bíblia King James Atualizada Português e a luz resplandece nas trevas, mas as trevas não a venceram.
Pre-Writing Skills. Reinforce learning numbers 1-5 in Spanish with this brilliant worksheet! Children can match the pictures, numbers and words to help consolidate their Spanish vocabulary. Supports the following areas of learning within Key Stage 1: Languages.. Cash points atm near me
The death toll in a fire that engulfed an apartment block in the Spanish city of Valencia has risen to nine as questions were raised about whether construction materials …Jeremías 1:5Nueva Versión Internacional. 5 «Antes de formarte en el vientre, ya te había elegido; antes de que nacieras, ya te había apartado; te había nombrado profeta para las naciones». Read full chapter. Answer: In Spanish, the number 10 is diez. To count to 10 in Spanish, you would say uno, dos, tres, cuatro, cinco, seis, siete, ocho, nueve, diez. To go to 10 in Spanish, you need to know the numbers 1-10. Once you know the numbers 1-10, you can count to 10 in Spanish by saying the numbers in order.1. (number) a. cinco. There are five fingers on each hand.Hay cinco dedos en cada mano. noun. 2. (number) a. el cinco. (M) Five is my lucky number. El cinco es mi número de la suerte.The numbers from 1 to 10 in Spanish are the following: 1 – uno 2 – dos 3 – tres 4 – cuatro 5 – cinco 6 – seis 7 – siete 8 – ocho 9 – nueve 10 – diez You can hear the Spanish pronunciation of each number in the video above. Spanish numbers 1-10 Summary Chart Shares You might interested in: Numbers, Números 3 Todo tiene su momento oportuno; hay tiempo para todo lo que se hace bajo el cielo: Read full chapter. Eclesiastés 3:1 in all Spanish translations. Eclesiastés 2. Eclesiastés 4. Nueva Versión Internacional (NVI)Aug 9, 2010 · Translate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 in spanish. See Spanish-English translations with audio pronunciations, examples, and word-by-word explanations. Jun 9, 2020 ... Watch extended highlights of Spain v Netherlands in the group stage at the 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil™. Subscribe for the latest original ...Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages.Rut y Noemí. 1 Aconteció en los días que gobernaban los jueces, que hubo hambre en la tierra. Y un varón de Belén de Judá fue a morar en los campos de Moab, él y su mujer, y dos hijos suyos. 2 El nombre de aquel varón era Elimelec, y el de su mujer, Noemí; y los nombres de sus hijos eran Mahlón y Quelión, efrateos de Belén de Judá.Jul 19, 2023 · 5 in Spanish – Plural. The plural form of “cinco” is “cinco” for both masculine and feminine nouns. For example: Tengo cinco libros (I have five books) Tengo cinco manzanas (I have five apples) Ordinal Number of Cinco. In addition to being a cardinal number, “cinco” can also be an ordinal number. Our Price: $21.99. Save: $5.00 (19%) Buy Now. Santa Biblia NVI, Texto revisado 2022, Ultrafina, Tam. Compacto, Soft leather-look, Azul Lavanda. Retail: $39.99. Si a alguno de ustedes le falta sabiduría, pídasela a Dios y él se la dará, pues Dios da a todos generosamente sin menospreciar a nadie. The reason for their existence is “ .”. The most common tenses are present, past, and future, but in Spanish you have up to 15 more tenses to express yourself. These 18 Spanish tenses in total are divided into simple and compound tense. Simple tenses only have a main verb, while compound tenses include the auxiliary verb before the main ...A few extras. If you’ve got all that, and want to know some extra vocab on how to tell time in Spanish (that will make you sound super native ), take a look at these: The morning. La mañana. la mah-’nyah-nah. It’s 8 in the morning/8am. Son las ocho de la mañana. The afternoon.Las ruedas traseras están tocando el borde de acera. 4. Cuando se incorpora a una autopista, debe manejar: *. A la misma velocidad o casi a la misma velocidad del tráfico en la autopista. 5 a 10 mph más lento que el tráfico de la autopista. El límite de velocidad indicado para el tráfico de la autopista. 5.Buy "Josué 1:5, Spanish Bible Verse" by Aryam Quotes as a Greeting Card.3. San Sebastián. Best city for gourmet experiences. This alluring Basque coastal city in northern Spain is stunning, characterized by its belle epoque architecture, white-sand beaches that stretch for kilometers, and blue waters of the Bay of Biscay. On a clear day, stroll along the boulevard of La Concha beach to get a feel for the locals' sea …The death toll in a fire that engulfed an apartment block in the Spanish city of Valencia has risen to nine as questions were raised about whether construction materials ….